Sandhi in Hindi Notes for SSC Exams

Sandhi (संधि) means the joining of two words or sounds to make a new word. In SSC Hindi, one or two questions come from Sandhi every year, and they ask for the type of sandhi or the separated form (sandhi viched). These sandhi in Hindi notes for SSC explain the three types, every rule with examples and the tricks to identify them, in simple language.

Meaning of Sandhi and Sandhi Viched

• Sandhi: joining two sounds, for example विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय.
• Sandhi viched (संधि विच्छेद): breaking a joined word into the original words, for example विद्यालय = विद्या + आलय.
• There are three types of sandhi: swar sandhi, vyanjan sandhi and visarg sandhi.

Types of Sandhi

Swar Sandhi: Five Types

Vyanjan Sandhi: Common Examples

Visarg Sandhi: Common Examples

Tricks to Identify the Type

• If the first word ends in a vowel and the second begins with a vowel, it is a swar sandhi.
• If the first word ends in a consonant like त्, क्, म् or the second begins with a consonant, it is mostly a vyanjan sandhi.
• If the first word has a visarg (ः), it is a visarg sandhi.
• In the word, the letters ओ in the middle (मनोहर, यशोदा) often come from a visarg.
• The letter ए in नरेंद्र or ओ in महोत्सव shows a gun sandhi.

Quick Tips

• Learn the five swar sandhi rules with one example each, because they are asked the most.
• Practise sandhi viched of common words daily, for example विद्यालय, महोत्सव, सज्जन and निराशा.
• Look at the joining letter in the middle: ा (दीर्घ), े/ो (गुण), ै/ौ (वृद्धि), य/व (यण).
• Do not mix gun sandhi (ए, ओ) with vriddhi sandhi (ऐ, औ).

Quick Revision Points

• Sandhi has three types: swar, vyanjan and visarg.
• Swar sandhi has five types: dirgh, gun, vriddhi, yan and ayadi.
• विद्यालय = विद्या + आलय (dirgh sandhi).
• नरेंद्र = नर + इंद्र (gun sandhi).
• सज्जन = सत् + जन (vyanjan sandhi).

Practice Questions With Answers

1. विद्यालय का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
   Answer: विद्या + आलय
2. नरेंद्र में कौन सी संधि है?
   Answer: गुण संधि (नर + इंद्र)
3. सज्जन का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
   Answer: सत् + जन
4. निराशा का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
   Answer: निः + आशा
5. महोत्सव में कौन सी संधि है?
   Answer: गुण संधि (महा + उत्सव)
6. अत्याचार का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
   Answer: अति + आचार
7. सदैव का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
   Answer: सदा + एव (वृद्धि संधि)
8. How many types of sandhi are there in Hindi?
   Answer: Three: swar, vyanjan and visarg
9. नयन का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
   Answer: ने + अन (अयादि संधि)
10. मनोहर का संधि विच्छेद क्या है?
    Answer: मनः + हर

How to Practise This Chapter

Learn five sandhi words daily with their viched and type, and revise the old ones every Sunday. Then solve questions from our practice papers and the previous year papers page. Read the next chapter, Muhavare in Hindi, and see all topics on the General Hindi notes page. Read the English notes for the other language section.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is sandhi in Hindi?

Sandhi is the joining of two sounds or words to form a new word, such as विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय.

What is sandhi viched?

Sandhi viched is the breaking of a joined word into its original words, such as सज्जन = सत् + जन.

How many types of sandhi are there?

There are three types of sandhi: swar sandhi, vyanjan sandhi and visarg sandhi.

How many types of swar sandhi are there?

There are five types: dirgh, gun, vriddhi, yan and ayadi sandhi.

What is the rule of dirgh sandhi?

When the same vowels, short or long, join, they make one long vowel. For example, विद्या + अर्थी = विद्यार्थी.

What is the rule of gun sandhi?

अ or आ joined with इ or ई gives ए, with उ or ऊ gives ओ, and with ऋ gives अर्. For example, नर + इंद्र = नरेंद्र.

What is vriddhi sandhi?

When अ or आ joins with ए or ऐ, the result is ऐ, and when it joins with ओ or औ, the result is औ. For example, सदा + एव = सदैव.

What is yan sandhi?

When इ, ई, उ, ऊ or ऋ joins with a different vowel, they change into य्, व् or र्. For example, अति + आचार = अत्याचार.

How do I identify visarg sandhi?

Look for a visarg (ः) in the first word. Examples are निः + आशा = निराशा and मनः + हर = मनोहर.

How can I learn sandhi quickly?

Learn five words a day with their viched and type, and learn the five rules of swar sandhi well.

Is sandhi asked in SSC GD and MTS?

Yes. Hindi grammar topics like sandhi are asked in SSC exams that have a Hindi section, such as GD and MTS.

How many questions come from sandhi in SSC exams?

Usually one or two questions come from sandhi, but the number changes from year to year.